Східногалицьке шкільництво автономічної доби у вибраній польській історіографії

Abstract

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the study of problems of the Eastern Galician schooling in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century’s represented in the chosen contemporary Polish historiography. It is emphasized that an autonomous era of Galicia is traditionally one of the most popular periods in the works of Polish researchers of the past. At the same time, a special attention was paid to the educational processes, which, due to the self-governing status of the region, showed the greatest positive dynamics, in comparison to other spheres of social life. It is the success of schooling at all levels that contributed to the consolidation of the national consciousness of the masses, the successful overcoming of illiteracy, the education of a number of intellectuals, who later formed an effective state apparatus in the early years of the restoration of independence.

The Polish works devoted to the problems of formation and development of national, secondary and higher schooling have been analyzed. It has been found out that Polish researchers also pay much attention to women's schooling, adult education, and the financing of the educational sector. It is indicated that in the focus of Polish researchers there is also a pedagogical environment of autonomous Galicia. In numerous works there have been noted the existence of stereotypes in the comprehension of the Ukrainian schooling of the region, which have been inherited from the era of acute inter-ethnic confrontation.

The analysis made it possible to note the considerable interest of Polish scientists in various problems and forms of the East-Galician school of autonomous age. Researchers are unanimous in their conclusions on the exclusivity of the impact of the rapid progress of education at that time on the modernization of all spheres of public life. The attention of Polish colleagues to the schooling of their eternal neighbors, first of all, Ukrainians is of certain importance as well. Active communication between Polish and Ukrainian scholars and their cooperation in many international research projects (for example, «Krakow-Lviv: books, periodicals, libraries of the 19th and 20th centuries», «Galicia 1772-1918» and «Lviv: the city – society – culture») is an important prerequisite for finding a consensus on most of the discussion issues.