The judicial system in king board manors of rus voyevodstvo in the XVIth - XVIIIth centuries

Abstract

The purpose of the research – the reconstruction of the judicial system in king board manors of Rus province in the XVIth – XVIIIth centuries. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity. The following methods were used while carrying out the research: historical, problem-chronological, component-analysis. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that the reconstructed model of the judicial system within the limits of a separate administrative-territorial complex. It has been illustrated how the lower institutions functioned, which were intended to ensure the efficiency of legal proceedings in the everyday life of the population. It has been clarified how they interacted with judicial and administrative institutions located at one or more stages above. Сonclusions. In the XVIth – XVIIIth centuries the judicial system in king board manors created a multilevel hierarchical model. Such kind of the multilevel hierarchical model was to a certain extent the reflection of the administrative apparatus since the government officials and the institutions were entrusted with the governing functions and were engaged in the legal proceedings. The civil courts, kraynyk courts, the collegiate courts formed the lower link of the judicial system in king board manors. They were the embodiment of the public administration relics, were based on the customary practice of the active involvement of the population in the legal field. The upper levels of the court system in king board manors consisted of the pidzhupnytskyi courts, the Vice-Administrative Courts and the Administrative Courts. They were organized by the administration as the castle courts (Sąd grodzki ) and the dominical courts in private estates.