Effective Technologies for Isolating Yeast Oxido-Reductases of Analytical Importance

Abstract

Microbial enzymes have gained interest for their widespread use in industries and medicine due to their stability, catalytic activity, and low-cost production, compared to plant and animal analogues. Microbial enzymes are capable of degrading toxic chemical compounds of industrial and domestic wastes by degradation or via conversion to nontoxic products. Enzyme technology broadly involves production, isolation, purification, and use of enzymes in various industries (e.g., food, medicine, agriculture, chemicals, pharmacology). The development of simple technologies for obtaining highly purified novel enzymes is an actual task for biotechnology and enzymology. This chapter presents a review of the main achievements in the elaboration of modern techniques for obtaining recombinant and novel enzymes. The results of a series of the authors’ investigations into the development of novel enzymatic approaches, including biosensors, for determination of practically important analytes are summarized. The described methods are related to isolation of highly purified yeast oxido-reductases: alcohol oxidase, flavocytochrome b2, glycerol dehydrogenase, and formaldehyde dehydrogenase. The enzymes were isolated from selected or recombinant yeast cells using the simple and effective technologies developed by the authors.