Участь В. Чорновола у протидії російській агресивній політиці щодо України у 1990-х рр.

Abstract

To explore the historical development of the national community, it is important to study the ideas and activities of prominent personalities that have influenced the course of events. The prominent Ukrainian public-political and state-creative figure Vjyatsheslav Chornovil belongs to such figures. His influence on the Ukrainian historical process is noticeable during the 1960-1990s. He took an active part in the state and political life of the 1990s as a people's deputy and chairman of the People's Movement of Ukraine. He directly participated in the Ukrainian-Russian inter-state relations, influenced the formation of a policy towards Russia. Therefore, the main task of this article is to analyze the participation of V. Chornovil in the tense process of formation of modern Ukrainian-Russian relations.

He has established close relations with many Russian opposition figures during the struggle against Soviet totalitarianism and during while in concentration camps on the territory of Russia. In August 1991, V. Chornovil, together with the Russian democratic forces, coordinated joint actions at a dangerous time for Ukrainian and Russian democracy, just when in the Soviet Union had an attempt at a coup d'état.

After the restoration of Ukraine's independence, relations with the part of Russian leaders at V. Chornovil have changed dramatically. They negatively reacted to Ukrainian independence. Such a position can be explained by the fear of losing Ukraine, which for the former metropolis was a significant reservoir of material goods and human potential. Those who cherished imperial ambitions, realized that without Ukraine, Russia would not be able to revive a full-fledged empire like the former empire.

Chornovil V. was not surprised at the new attitude to the processes in Ukraine, because he had the experience of long-term dialogue with Russian oppositionists. He tried to convey to Russian leaders an understanding that Ukrainian and Russian peoples will benefit from fruitful Ukrainian-Russian dialogue, understanding and cooperation. Chornovil V. demanded from the Ukrainian authorities during talks with the Russian side to stubbornly defend national interests, no to trade in sovereignty. Criticized both Leonid Kravchuk and Leonid Kuchma for failing to first no take control of the Black Sea Fleet, and subsequently agree with Russia the deadline for the withdrawal from the Ukrainian territory of the Russian Navy.

The conclusions note that V. Chornovil was a supporter of good-neighborly Ukrainian-Russian relations, based on the principles of equality and mutual benefit. In view of Russia's aggressive actions against Ukraine, V. Chornovil advocated the idea of strengthening the foundations of national security.